低功耗蓝牙(android)
BLE
# 使用
# 配置权限
AndroidManifest.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<manifest xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
package="com.test.blesample">
<uses-feature android:name="android.hardware.bluetooth.le"
android:required="true" />
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.BLUETOOTH"/>
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.BLUETOOTH_ADMIN" />
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.ACCESS_COARSE_LOCATION" />
<!--省略其它内容-->
</manifest>
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# 动态添加权限
public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {
@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
requestPermission();
}
private void requestPermission() {
if (PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED ==
ContextCompat.checkSelfPermission(MainActivity.this,
Manifest.permission.ACCESS_COARSE_LOCATION)) {
//has permission, do operation directly
} else {
//do not have permission
// Should we show an explanation?
if (ActivityCompat.shouldShowRequestPermissionRationale(MainActivity.this,
Manifest.permission.ACCESS_COARSE_LOCATION)) {
// Show an explanation to the user *asynchronously* -- don't block
// this thread waiting for the user's response! After the user
// sees the explanation, try again to request the permission.
} else {
// No explanation needed, we can request the permission.
ActivityCompat.requestPermissions(MainActivity.this,
new String[]{Manifest.permission.ACCESS_COARSE_LOCATION},
0);
// MY_PERMISSIONS_REQUEST_READ_CONTACTS is an
// app-defined int constant. The callback method gets the
// result of the request.
}
}
}
}
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# 检查是否支持蓝牙及ble
public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {
private Toast mToast;
private BluetoothAdapter mBluetoothAdapter;
@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
// ......
mToast = Toast.makeText(this, "", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT);
final BluetoothManager bluetoothManager =
(BluetoothManager)getSystemService(Context.BLUETOOTH_SERVICE);
mBluetoothAdapter = bluetoothManager.getAdapter();
if(mBluetoothAdapter != null) {
showToast("手机支持蓝牙功能");
} else {
finish();
}
if(!getPackageManager().hasSystemFeature(PackageManager.FEATURE_BLUETOOTH_LE)) {
showToast("手机不支持蓝牙BLE功能");
finish();
} else {
showToast("手机支持蓝牙BLE功能!");
}
}
private void showToast(String msg) {
mToast.setText(msg);
mToast.show();
}
@Override
protected void onResume() {
super.onResume();
if(mBluetoothAdapter != null && !mBluetoothAdapter.isEnabled()) {
// 申请打开蓝牙功能
Intent enableBtIntent = new Intent(BluetoothAdapter.ACTION_REQUEST_ENABLE);
startActivity(enableBtIntent);
}
}
}
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# 扫描附近蓝牙4.0设备
public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {
private Button mBtScan;
private TextView mBleTextView;
private static final String TAG = "BLESample";
private boolean mIsScanStart = false;
private String mBleAddress = "";
private BluetoothLeScanner mLeScanner;
private ScanSettings mScanSettings;
@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
// ......
if(Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= Build.VERSION_CODES.LOLLIPOP) {
mLeScanner = mBluetoothAdapter.getBluetoothLeScanner();
mScanSettings = new ScanSettings.Builder()
.setScanMode(ScanSettings.SCAN_MODE_LOW_LATENCY)
.setReportDelay(3000).build();
}
mBtScan = (Button)findViewById(R.id.bt_scan);
mBtScan.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
@Override
public void onClick(View view) {
if(!mIsScanStart) {
mBtScan.setText("停止扫描");
mIsScanStart = true;
scan(true);
} else {
mBtScan.setText("开始扫描");
mIsScanStart = false;
scan(false);
}
}
});
mBleTextView = (TextView)findViewById(R.id.tv_ble);
}
@TargetApi(23)
private void scan(boolean enable) {
final ScanCallback scanCallback = new ScanCallback() {
@Override
public void onScanResult(int callbackType, ScanResult result) {
super.onScanResult(callbackType, result);
BluetoothDevice device = result.getDevice();
Log.d(TAG, "name = " + device.getName() + ", address = "
+ device.getAddress());
mBleTextView.setText(device.getName() + " - " + device.getAddress());
mBleAddress = device.getAddress();
}
};
if(enable) {
mLeScanner.startScan(scanCallback);
} else {
mLeScanner.stopScan(scanCallback);
}
}
}
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# 连接设备
public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {
private Button mConnectButton;
private Handler mMainUIHandler = new Handler() {
@Override
public void handleMessage(Message msg) {
super.handleMessage(msg);
int newState = msg.what;
if(newState == BluetoothProfile.STATE_CONNECTED) {
mIsConnected = true;
mConnectButton.setText("断开");
showToast("连接成功！");
Log.d(TAG, "connected");
} else if(newState == BluetoothProfile.STATE_DISCONNECTED) {
mIsConnected = false;
mConnectButton.setText("连接");
showToast("设备已断开！");
Log.d(TAG, "disconnected");
}
}
};
private boolean mIsConnected = false;
private BluetoothGatt mGatt;
private BluetoothGattCallback mCallback = new BluetoothGattCallback() {
@Override
public void onConnectionStateChange(BluetoothGatt gatt, int status, int newState) {
super.onConnectionStateChange(gatt, status, newState);
mMainUIHandler.sendEmptyMessage(newState);
}
@Override
public void onServicesDiscovered(BluetoothGatt gatt, int status) {
super.onServicesDiscovered(gatt, status);
}
@Override
public void onCharacteristicRead(BluetoothGatt gatt, BluetoothGattCharacteristic characteristic, int status) {
super.onCharacteristicRead(gatt, characteristic, status);
}
@Override
public void onCharacteristicWrite(BluetoothGatt gatt, BluetoothGattCharacteristic characteristic, int status) {
super.onCharacteristicWrite(gatt, characteristic, status);
}
@Override
public void onCharacteristicChanged(BluetoothGatt gatt, BluetoothGattCharacteristic characteristic) {
super.onCharacteristicChanged(gatt, characteristic);
}
@Override
public void onDescriptorRead(BluetoothGatt gatt, BluetoothGattDescriptor descriptor, int status) {
super.onDescriptorRead(gatt, descriptor, status);
}
@Override
public void onDescriptorWrite(BluetoothGatt gatt, BluetoothGattDescriptor descriptor, int status) {
super.onDescriptorWrite(gatt, descriptor, status);
}
@Override
public void onReliableWriteCompleted(BluetoothGatt gatt, int status) {
super.onReliableWriteCompleted(gatt, status);
}
@Override
public void onReadRemoteRssi(BluetoothGatt gatt, int rssi, int status) {
super.onReadRemoteRssi(gatt, rssi, status);
}
@Override
public void onMtuChanged(BluetoothGatt gatt, int mtu, int status) {
super.onMtuChanged(gatt, mtu, status);
}
};
@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
// ......
mConnectButton = (Button)findViewById(R.id.bt_connect);
mConnectButton.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
@Override
public void onClick(View view) {
if(!mIsConnected) {
connect();
} else {
disconnect();
}
}
});
}
private boolean connect() {
final BluetoothDevice device = mBluetoothAdapter.getRemoteDevice(mBleAddress);
mGatt = device.connectGatt(MainActivity.this, false, mCallback);
return mGatt != null;
}
private void disconnect() {
if (mGatt != null) {
mGatt.disconnect();
}
}
}
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# 扫描服务
public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {
private Button mDiscoveryButton;
private BluetoothGattCallback mCallback = new BluetoothGattCallback() {
@Override
public void onConnectionStateChange(BluetoothGatt gatt, int status, int newState) {
super.onConnectionStateChange(gatt, status, newState);
// ......
}
@Override
public void onServicesDiscovered(BluetoothGatt gatt, int status) {
super.onServicesDiscovered(gatt, status);
Log.d(TAG, "++onServicesDiscovered++");
discoverGattService(gatt.getServices());
}
@Override
public void onCharacteristicRead(BluetoothGatt gatt, BluetoothGattCharacteristic characteristic, int status) {
super.onCharacteristicRead(gatt, characteristic, status);
}
@Override
public void onCharacteristicWrite(BluetoothGatt gatt, BluetoothGattCharacteristic characteristic, int status) {
super.onCharacteristicWrite(gatt, characteristic, status);
}
@Override
public void onCharacteristicChanged(BluetoothGatt gatt, BluetoothGattCharacteristic characteristic) {
super.onCharacteristicChanged(gatt, characteristic);
}
@Override
public void onDescriptorRead(BluetoothGatt gatt, BluetoothGattDescriptor descriptor, int status) {
super.onDescriptorRead(gatt, descriptor, status);
}
@Override
public void onDescriptorWrite(BluetoothGatt gatt, BluetoothGattDescriptor descriptor, int status) {
super.onDescriptorWrite(gatt, descriptor, status);
}
@Override
public void onReliableWriteCompleted(BluetoothGatt gatt, int status) {
super.onReliableWriteCompleted(gatt, status);
}
@Override
public void onReadRemoteRssi(BluetoothGatt gatt, int rssi, int status) {
super.onReadRemoteRssi(gatt, rssi, status);
}
@Override
public void onMtuChanged(BluetoothGatt gatt, int mtu, int status) {
super.onMtuChanged(gatt, mtu, status);
}
};
@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
// ......
mDiscoveryButton = (Button)findViewById(R.id.bt_discovery);
mDiscoveryButton.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
@Override
public void onClick(View view) {
if (mGatt != null) {
mGatt.discoverServices();
}
}
});
}
private void discoverGattService(List<BluetoothGattService> services) {
if(services == null)
return;
for(BluetoothGattService service : services) {
String uuid = service.getUuid().toString();
Log.d(TAG, "Service uuid = " + uuid);
List<BluetoothGattCharacteristic> characteristics = service.getCharacteristics();
for(BluetoothGattCharacteristic characteristic : characteristics) {
String char_uuid = characteristic.getUuid().toString();
Log.d(TAG, " Characteristic uuid = " + char_uuid);
}
}
}
}
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# 开启通知，设备按键后，上报信息
- simpleKey是一个按钮的service，当按下按键的时候，会通知手机按键被按下，以及上报按键的值
- 被动接收通知会在onCharacteristicChanged里收到回调
public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {
private BluetoothGattCharacteristic mSimpleKeyChar;
private final String SIMPLE_KEY_UUID = "0000ffe1-0000-1000-8000-00805f9b34fb";
private final String CLIENT_CONFIG = "00002902-0000-1000-8000-00805f9b34fb";
private int SENSOR_TYPE_SIMPLE_KEY = 0x00;
private int SENSOR_TYPE_IR_TEMPERATURE = 0x01;
private Button mDiscoveryButton;
private ImageView mKeyImageView;
private Handler mSensorHandler = new Handler() {
@Override
public void handleMessage(Message msg) {
super.handleMessage(msg);
int type = msg.what;
if(type == SENSOR_TYPE_IR_TEMPERATURE) {
float temp;
Bundle bundle = msg.getData();
temp = bundle.getFloat("TEMP");
mTempTextView.setText("温度为：" + temp);
} else if(type == SENSOR_TYPE_SIMPLE_KEY) {
int state = msg.arg1;
if(state == 0) {
mKeyImageView.setImageResource(R.drawable.off);
} else {
mKeyImageView.setImageResource(R.drawable.on);
}
}
}
};
private BluetoothGattCallback mCallback = new BluetoothGattCallback() {
@Override
public void onConnectionStateChange(BluetoothGatt gatt, int status, int newState) {
super.onConnectionStateChange(gatt, status, newState);
// ......
}
@Override
public void onServicesDiscovered(BluetoothGatt gatt, int status) {
super.onServicesDiscovered(gatt, status);
Log.d(TAG, "++onServicesDiscovered++");
discoverGattService(gatt.getServices());
}
@Override
public void onCharacteristicRead(BluetoothGatt gatt, BluetoothGattCharacteristic characteristic, int status) {
super.onCharacteristicRead(gatt, characteristic, status);
}
@Override
public void onCharacteristicWrite(BluetoothGatt gatt, BluetoothGattCharacteristic characteristic, int status) {
super.onCharacteristicWrite(gatt, characteristic, status);
}
@Override
public void onCharacteristicChanged(BluetoothGatt gatt, BluetoothGattCharacteristic characteristic) {
super.onCharacteristicChanged(gatt, characteristic);
Log.d(TAG, "++onCharacteristicChanged++");
byte[] data = characteristic.getValue();
String value = "";
for (byte datum : data) {
value += String.format("%02x ", datum);
}
Log.d(TAG, "value = " + value);
Message msg = new Message();
msg.what = SENSOR_TYPE_SIMPLE_KEY;
msg.arg1 = data[0];
mSensorHandler.sendMessage(msg);
}
@Override
public void onDescriptorRead(BluetoothGatt gatt, BluetoothGattDescriptor descriptor, int status) {
super.onDescriptorRead(gatt, descriptor, status);
}
@Override
public void onDescriptorWrite(BluetoothGatt gatt, BluetoothGattDescriptor descriptor, int status) {
super.onDescriptorWrite(gatt, descriptor, status);
}
@Override
public void onReliableWriteCompleted(BluetoothGatt gatt, int status) {
super.onReliableWriteCompleted(gatt, status);
}
@Override
public void onReadRemoteRssi(BluetoothGatt gatt, int rssi, int status) {
super.onReadRemoteRssi(gatt, rssi, status);
}
@Override
public void onMtuChanged(BluetoothGatt gatt, int mtu, int status) {
super.onMtuChanged(gatt, mtu, status);
}
};
@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
// ......
mDiscoveryButton = (Button)findViewById(R.id.bt_discovery);
mDiscoveryButton.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
@Override
public void onClick(View view) {
if (mGatt != null) {
mGatt.discoverServices();
}
}
});
mKeyImageView = (ImageView)findViewById(R.id.iv_key);
mTempTextView = (TextView)findViewById(R.id.tv_temp);
}
private void discoverGattService(List<BluetoothGattService> services) {
if(services == null)
return;
for(BluetoothGattService service : services) {
String uuid = service.getUuid().toString();
Log.d(TAG, "Service uuid = " + uuid);
List<BluetoothGattCharacteristic> characteristics = service.getCharacteristics();
for(BluetoothGattCharacteristic characteristic : characteristics) {
String char_uuid = characteristic.getUuid().toString();
Log.d(TAG, " Characteristic uuid = " + char_uuid);
if(char_uuid.equals(SIMPLE_KEY_UUID)) {
Log.d(TAG, "find simple key_on characteristic");
mSimpleKeyChar = characteristic;
mGatt.setCharacteristicNotification(mSimpleKeyChar, true);
BluetoothGattDescriptor descriptor =
mSimpleKeyChar.getDescriptor(UUID.fromString(CLIENT_CONFIG));
descriptor.setValue(BluetoothGattDescriptor.ENABLE_NOTIFICATION_VALUE);
mGatt.writeDescriptor(descriptor);
Log.d(TAG, "enable notification!");
}
}
}
}
}
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++onCharacteristicChanged++
value = 01
++onCharacteristicChanged++
value = 00
++onCharacteristicChanged++
value = 01
++onCharacteristicChanged++
value = 00
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# 写/读数据
- 打开温度传感器
- 读取温度传感器
public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {
private Button mEnableTempButton;
private Button mReadTempButton;
private BluetoothGattCharacteristic mTempConfigChar;
private BluetoothGattCharacteristic mTempChar;
private final String IR_TEMPERATURE_UUID = "f000aa01-0451-4000-b000-000000000000";
private final String IR_TEMPERATURE_CONFIG = "f000aa02-0451-4000-b000-000000000000";
private BluetoothGattCallback mCallback = new BluetoothGattCallback() {
@Override
public void onConnectionStateChange(BluetoothGatt gatt, int status, int newState) {
super.onConnectionStateChange(gatt, status, newState);
// ......
}
@Override
public void onServicesDiscovered(BluetoothGatt gatt, int status) {
super.onServicesDiscovered(gatt, status);
Log.d(TAG, "++onServicesDiscovered++");
discoverGattService(gatt.getServices());
}
@Override
public void onCharacteristicRead(BluetoothGatt gatt, BluetoothGattCharacteristic characteristic, int status) {
super.onCharacteristicRead(gatt, characteristic, status);
Log.d(TAG, "++onCharacteristicRead++");
byte[] data = characteristic.getValue();
String value = "";
for (byte datum : data) {
value += String.format("%02x ", datum);
}
Log.d(TAG, "value = " + value);
int byte2 = data[2] & 0xff;
int byte3 = data[3] & 0xff;
int rawVal = (byte3 << 8) | byte2;
float temp = (float)rawVal / 4 * 0.03125f;
Log.d(TAG, "temp = " + temp);
Bundle bundle = new Bundle();
bundle.putFloat("TEMP", temp);
Message msg = new Message();
msg.what = SENSOR_TYPE_IR_TEMPERATURE;
msg.setData(bundle);
mSensorHandler.sendMessage(msg);
}
@Override
public void onCharacteristicWrite(BluetoothGatt gatt, BluetoothGattCharacteristic characteristic, int status) {
super.onCharacteristicWrite(gatt, characteristic, status);
Log.d(TAG, "++onCharacteristicWrite++");
}
@Override
public void onCharacteristicChanged(BluetoothGatt gatt, BluetoothGattCharacteristic characteristic) {
super.onCharacteristicChanged(gatt, characteristic);
Log.d(TAG, "++onCharacteristicChanged++");
byte[] data = characteristic.getValue();
String value = "";
for (byte datum : data) {
value += String.format("%02x ", datum);
}
Log.d(TAG, "value = " + value);
Message msg = new Message();
msg.what = SENSOR_TYPE_SIMPLE_KEY;
msg.arg1 = data[0];
mSensorHandler.sendMessage(msg);
}
@Override
public void onDescriptorRead(BluetoothGatt gatt, BluetoothGattDescriptor descriptor, int status) {
super.onDescriptorRead(gatt, descriptor, status);
}
@Override
public void onDescriptorWrite(BluetoothGatt gatt, BluetoothGattDescriptor descriptor, int status) {
super.onDescriptorWrite(gatt, descriptor, status);
}
@Override
public void onReliableWriteCompleted(BluetoothGatt gatt, int status) {
super.onReliableWriteCompleted(gatt, status);
}
@Override
public void onReadRemoteRssi(BluetoothGatt gatt, int rssi, int status) {
super.onReadRemoteRssi(gatt, rssi, status);
}
@Override
public void onMtuChanged(BluetoothGatt gatt, int mtu, int status) {
super.onMtuChanged(gatt, mtu, status);
}
};
@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
// ......
mEnableTempButton = (Button)findViewById(R.id.bt_enable);
mEnableTempButton.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
@Override
public void onClick(View view) {
Log.d(TAG, "enable temperature sensor");
mTempConfigChar.setValue(new byte[] {0x01});
mGatt.writeCharacteristic(mTempConfigChar);
}
});
mReadTempButton = (Button)findViewById(R.id.bt_read);
mReadTempButton.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
@Override
public void onClick(View view) {
Log.d(TAG, "read temperature sensor");
mGatt.readCharacteristic(mTempChar);
}
});
}
private void discoverGattService(List<BluetoothGattService> services) {
if(services == null)
return;
for(BluetoothGattService service : services) {
String uuid = service.getUuid().toString();
Log.d(TAG, "Service uuid = " + uuid);
List<BluetoothGattCharacteristic> characteristics
= service.getCharacteristics();
for(BluetoothGattCharacteristic characteristic : characteristics) {
String char_uuid = characteristic.getUuid().toString();
Log.d(TAG, " Characteristic uuid = " + char_uuid);
if(char_uuid.equals(SIMPLE_KEY_UUID)) {
Log.d(TAG, "find simple key_on characteristic");
mSimpleKeyChar = characteristic;
mGatt.setCharacteristicNotification(mSimpleKeyChar, true);
BluetoothGattDescriptor descriptor =
mSimpleKeyChar.getDescriptor(UUID.fromString(
CLIENT_CONFIG
));
descriptor.setValue(BluetoothGattDescriptor.ENABLE_NOTIFICATION_VALUE);
mGatt.writeDescriptor(descriptor);
Log.d(TAG, "enable notification!");
} else if(char_uuid.equals(IR_TEMPERATURE_CONFIG)) {
mTempConfigChar = characteristic;
Log.d(TAG, "find temperature config char");
} else if(char_uuid.equals(IR_TEMPERATURE_UUID)) {
mTempChar = characteristic;
Log.d(TAG, "find temperature char");
}
}
}
}
}
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# GATT
